Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia is characterized by persistent delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thinking and speech, disorganized behavior, and negative symptoms such as flattened affect or social withdrawal. Symptoms persist for at least one month, cause significant impairment in functioning, and are not attributable to substance use or another medical condition.

Symptoms

• Delusions (abnormal beliefs)
• Hallucinations (false perceptions)
• Disorganized thinking or speech
• Grossly disorganized behavior
• Blunted affect
• Social withdrawal
• Cognitive impairment
• Delusions of reference, influence, or passivity
• Thought echo, insertion, withdrawal, or broadcasting
• Voices commenting on or discussing the patient in the third person
• Avolition (loss of motivation and drive)
• Alogia (poverty of speech and thought content)
• Reduced non-verbal expression (facial affect, eye contact, voice modulation)
• Neglect of personal hygiene and appearance
• Motor mannerisms and repetitive unusual behaviors
• Impaired social or occupational functioning

ICD-11 diagnostic criteria

• obecność objawów psychotycznych
• objawy trwają co najmniej jeden miesiąc
• istotne pogorszenie funkcjonowania
• objawy nie wynikają z działania substancji ani choroby neurologicznej

How to recognise

In the ICD-11 framework, the core symptoms taken into account when recognising Schizophrenia are:

• urojenia
• omamy
• dezorganizacja myślenia

Differential diagnosis

When diagnosing Schizophrenia, the following ICD-11 disorders should be considered in the differential diagnosis:

• Zaburzenie schizoafektywne (6A21)
• Zaburzenie schizotypowe (6A22)
• Ostre i przemijające zaburzenie psychotyczne (6A23)
• Zaburzenie urojeniowe (6A24)
• Katatonia związana z innym zaburzeniem psychicznym (6A40)
• Mutyzm wybiórczy (6B06)
• Zaburzenia transowo-opętaniowe (6B63)

Synonyms and related terms

psychosis, schizophrenic disorder

Frequently asked questions

What are the symptoms of Schizophrenia?

Symptoms associated with Schizophrenia (ICD-11 6A20) include: Delusions (abnormal beliefs), Hallucinations (false perceptions), Disorganized thinking or speech, Grossly disorganized behavior, Blunted affect, Social withdrawal, Cognitive impairment, Delusions of reference, influence, or passivity, Thought echo, insertion, withdrawal, or broadcasting, Voices commenting on or discussing the patient in the third person, Avolition (loss of motivation and drive), Alogia (poverty of speech and thought content).

How is Schizophrenia diagnosed according to ICD-11?

According to ICD-11, the diagnostic criteria for Schizophrenia (6A20) include: obecność objawów psychotycznych; objawy trwają co najmniej jeden miesiąc; istotne pogorszenie funkcjonowania; objawy nie wynikają z działania substancji ani choroby neurologicznej.

What disorders are in the differential diagnosis of Schizophrenia?

The differential diagnosis of Schizophrenia (6A20) includes: Zaburzenie schizoafektywne (6A21), Zaburzenie schizotypowe (6A22), Ostre i przemijające zaburzenie psychotyczne (6A23), Zaburzenie urojeniowe (6A24), Katatonia związana z innym zaburzeniem psychicznym (6A40), Mutyzm wybiórczy (6B06), Zaburzenia transowo-opętaniowe (6B63).

WHO ICD-11 source

View this entry in the official WHO ICD-11 browser: 6A20 – WHO ICD-11