ICD-11 · 6D85.2

Dementia due to exposure to heavy metals and other toxins

Dementia due to exposure to heavy metals and other toxins caused by toxic exposure to specific heavy metals such as aluminium from dialysis water, lead, mercury or manganese. The characteristic cognitive impairments in Dementia due to exposure to heavy metals and other toxins depend on the specific heavy metal or toxin that the individual has been exposed to but can affect any cognitive domain. Onset of symptoms is related to exposure and progression can be rapid especially with acute exposure. In many cases, symptoms are reversible when exposure is identified and ceases. Investigations such as brain imaging or neurophysiological testing may be abnormal. Lead poisoning is associated with abnormalities on brain imaging including widespread calcification and increased signal on MRI T2-weighted images of periventricular white matter, basal ganglia hypothalamus and pons. Dementia due to aluminium toxicity may demonstrate characteristic paroxysmal high-voltage delta EEG changes. Examination may make evident other features such as peripheral neuropathy in the case of lead, arsenic, or mercury.

Differential diagnosis

When diagnosing Dementia due to exposure to heavy metals and other toxins, the following ICD-11 disorders should be considered in the differential diagnosis:

Frequently asked questions

What disorders are in the differential diagnosis of Dementia due to exposure to heavy metals and other toxins?

The differential diagnosis of Dementia due to exposure to heavy metals and other toxins (6D85.2) includes: Otępienie spowodowane substancjami psychoaktywnymi, w tym lekami (6D84), Otępienie spowodowane używaniem alkoholu (6D84.0), Otępienie spowodowane lekami uspokajającymi, nasennymi lub przeciwlękowymi (6D84.1), Otępienie spowodowane używaniem lotnych środków wziewnych (6D84.2).

WHO ICD-11 source

View this entry in the official WHO ICD-11 browser: 6D85.2 – WHO ICD-11

Notes

Kod dodatkowy – nie jako główny.

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Source: WHO ICD-11 (chapter 6 – Mental, behavioral and neurodevelopmental disorders). Used under CC BY-ND 3.0 IGO. ICD Diagnostica is not affiliated with or endorsed by WHO. Informational use only – does not replace clinical judgment.